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dir dirent - directory file format
Each directory file contains two special directory entries; one is a pointer to the directory itself called dot `.' and the other a pointer to its parent directory called dot-dot `..' Dot and dot-dot are valid pathnames, however, the system root directory `/' , has no parent and dot-dot points to itself like dot.
File system nodes are ordinary directory files on which has been grafted a file system object, such as a physical disk or a partitioned area of such a disk. (See mount(2) and mount(8).)
The directory entry format is defined in the file
#include <sys/dirent.h>
(which should not be included directly by applications):
#ifndef _SYS_DIRENT_H_
#define _SYS_DIRENT_H_
#include <machine/ansi.h>
/*
* The dirent structure defines the format of directory entries returned by
* the getdirentries(2) system call.
*
* A directory entry has a struct dirent at the front of it, containing its
* inode number, the length of the entry, and the length of the name
* contained in the entry. These are followed by the name padded to a 4
* byte boundary with null bytes. All names are guaranteed null terminated.
* The maximum length of a name in a directory is MAXNAMLEN.
*/
struct dirent {
__uint32_t d_fileno; /* file number of entry */
__uint16_t d_reclen; /* length of this record */
__uint8_t d_type; /* file type, see below */
__uint8_t d_namlen; /* length of string in d_name */
#ifdef _POSIX_SOURCE
char d_name[255 + 1]; /* name must be no longer than this */
#else
#define MAXNAMLEN 255
char d_name[MAXNAMLEN + 1]; /* name must be no longer than this */
#endif
};
/*
* File types
*/
#define DT_UNKNOWN 0
#define DT_FIFO 1
#define DT_CHR 2
#define DT_DIR 4
#define DT_BLK 6
#define DT_REG 8
#define DT_LNK 10
#define DT_SOCK 12
#define DT_WHT 14
/*
* Convert between stat structure types and directory types.
*/
#define IFTODT(mode) (((mode) & 0170000) >> 12)
#define DTTOIF(dirtype) ((dirtype) << 12)
/*
* The _GENERIC_DIRSIZ macro gives the minimum record length which will hold
* the directory entry. This requires the amount of space in struct direct
* without the d_name field, plus enough space for the name with a terminating
* null byte (dp->d_namlen+1), rounded up to a 4 byte boundary.
*/
#define _GENERIC_DIRSIZ(dp) ((sizeof (struct dirent) - (MAXNAMLEN+1)) + (((dp)->d_namlen+1 + 3) &~ 3))
#ifdef _KERNEL
#define GENERIC_DIRSIZ(dp) _GENERIC_DIRSIZ(dp)
#endif
#endif /* !_SYS_DIRENT_H_ */
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