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body_checks (5)
  • >> body_checks (5) ( Linux man: Форматы файлов )
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    NAME

    header_checks
    -
    Postfix built-in header/body inspection
     
    

    SYNOPSIS

    header_checks = pcre:/etc/postfix/header_checks
    
    mime_header_checks = pcre:/etc/postfix/mime_header_checks
    nested_header_checks = pcre:/etc/postfix/nested_header_checks
    body_checks = pcre:/etc/postfix/body_checks postmap -fq "string" pcre:/etc/postfix/filename
    postmap -fq - pcre:/etc/postfix/filename <inputfile
     

    DESCRIPTION

    Postfix provides a simple built-in content inspection mechanism that examines incoming mail one message header or one message body line at a time. Each input is compared against a list of patterns, and when a match is found the corresponding action is executed. This feature is implemented by the Postfix cleanup(8) server.

    For examples, see the EXAMPLES section at the end of this manual page.

    Postfix header or body_checks are designed to stop a flood of mail from worms or viruses; they do not decode attachments, and they do not unzip archives. See the documents referenced below in the README FILES section if you need more sophisticated content analysis.

    Postfix supports four built-in content inspection classes:

    header_checks
    These are applied to initial message headers (except for the headers that are processed with mime_header_checks).
    mime_header_checks (default: $header_checks)
    These are applied to MIME related message headers only.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

    nested_header_checks (default: $header_checks)
    These are applied to message headers of attached email messages (except for the headers that are processed with mime_header_checks).

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

    body_checks
    These are applied to all other content, including multi-part message boundaries.

    With Postfix versions before 2.0, all content after the initial message headers is treated as body content.

    Note: message headers are examined one logical header at a time, even when a message header spans multiple lines. Body lines are always examined one line at a time.  

    TABLE FORMAT

    
    
    This document assumes that header and body_checks rules are specified
    in the form of Postfix regular expression lookup tables. Usually the
    best performance is obtained with pcre (Perl Compatible Regular
    Expression) tables, but the slower regexp (POSIX regular
    expressions) support is more widely available.
    Use the command "postconf -m" to find out what lookup table
    types your Postfix system supports.
    

    The general format of Postfix regular expression tables is given below. For a discussion of specific pattern or flags syntax, see pcre_table(5) or regexp_table(5), respectively.

    /pattern/flags action
    When pattern matches the input string, execute the corresponding action. See below for a list of possible actions.
    !/pattern/flags action
    When pattern does not match the input string, execute the corresponding action.
    if /pattern/flags
    endif
    Match the input string against the patterns between if and endif, if and only if the input string also matches pattern. The if..endif can nest.

    Note: do not prepend whitespace to patterns inside if..endif.

    if !/pattern/flags
    endif
    Match the input string against the patterns between if and endif, if and only if the input string does not match pattern. The if..endif can nest.
    blank lines and comments
    Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.
    multi-line text
    A pattern/action line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that starts with whitespace continues a logical line.
     

    TABLE SEARCH ORDER

    
    
    For each line of message input, the patterns are applied in the
    order as specified in the table. When a pattern is found that matches
    the input line, the corresponding action is executed and then the
    next input line is inspected.
     
    

    TEXT SUBSTITUTION

    
    
    Substitution of substrings from the matched expression into the
    action
    string is possible using the conventional Perl syntax
    ($1, $2, etc.).
    The macros in the result string may need to be written as ${n}
    or $(n) if they aren't followed by whitespace.
    

    Note: since negated patterns (those preceded by !) return a result when the expression does not match, substitutions are not available for negated patterns.  

    ACTIONS

    
    
    Action names are case insensitive. They are shown in upper case
    for consistency with other Postfix documentation.
    
    DISCARD optional text...
    Claim successful delivery and silently discard the message. Log the optional text if specified, otherwise log a generic message.

    Note: this action disables further header or body_checks inspection of the current message and affects all recipients. To discard only one recipient without discarding the entire message, use the transport(5) table to direct mail to the discard(8) service.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

    DUNNO
    Pretend that the input line did not match any pattern, and inspect the next input line. This action can be used to shorten the table search.

    For backwards compatibility reasons, Postfix also accepts OK but it is (and always has been) treated as DUNNO.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.

    FILTER transport:destination
    Write a content filter request to the queue file and inspect the next input line. After the complete message is received it will be sent through the specified external content filter. More information about external content filters is in the Postfix FILTER_README file.

    Note: this action overrides the main.cf content_filter setting, and affects all recipients of the message. In the case that multiple FILTER actions fire, only the last one is executed.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

    HOLD optional text...
    Arrange for the message to be placed on the hold queue, and inspect the next input line. The message remains on hold until someone either deletes it or releases it for delivery. Log the optional text if specified, otherwise log a generic message.

    Mail that is placed on hold can be examined with the postcat(1) command, and can be destroyed or released with the postsuper(1) command.

    Note: use "postsuper -r" to release mail that was kept on hold for a significant fraction of $maximal_queue_lifetime or $bounce_queue_lifetime, or longer.

    Note: this action affects all recipients of the message.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

    IGNORE
    Delete the current line from the input and inspect the next input line.
    PREPEND text...
    Prepend one line with the specified text and inspect the next input line.

    Notes:

    *
    The prepended text is output on a separate line, immediately before the input that triggered the PREPEND action.
    *
    The prepended text is not considered part of the input stream: it is not subject to header/body checks or address rewriting, and it does not affect the way that Postfix adds missing message headers.
    *
    When prepending text before a message header line, the prepended text must begin with a valid message header label.
    *
    This action cannot be used to prepend multi-line text.
    This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.
    REDIRECT user@domain
    Write a message redirection request to the queue file and inspect the next input line. After the message is queued, it will be sent to the specified address instead of the intended recipient(s).

    Note: this action overrides the FILTER action, and affects all recipients of the message. If multiple REDIRECT actions fire, only the last one is executed.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later.

    REPLACE text...
    Replace the current line with the specified text and inspect the next input line.

    This feature is available in Postfix 2.2 and later. The description below applies to Postfix 2.2.2 and later.

    Notes:

    *
    When replacing a message header line, the replacement text must begin with a valid header label.
    *
    The replaced text remains part of the input stream. Unlike the result from the PREPEND action, a replaced message header may be subject to address rewriting and may affect the way that Postfix adds missing message headers.
    REJECT optional text...
    Reject the entire message. Reply with optional text... when the optional text is specified, otherwise reply with a generic error message.

    Note: this action disables further header or body_checks inspection of the current message and affects all recipients.

    Postfix version 2.3 and later support enhanced status codes. When no code is specified at the beginning of optional text..., Postfix inserts a default enhanced status code of "5.7.1".

    WARN optional text...
    Log a warning with the optional text... (or log a generic message) and inspect the next input line. This action is useful for debugging and for testing a pattern before applying more drastic actions.
     

    BUGS

    Many people overlook the main limitations of header and body_checks rules. These rules operate on one logical message header or one body line at a time, and a decision made for one line is not carried over to the next line. If text in the message body is encoded (RFC 2045) then the rules have to specified for the encoded form. Likewise, when message headers are encoded (RFC 2047) then the rules need to be specified for the encoded form.

    Message headers added by the cleanup(8) daemon itself are excluded from inspection. Examples of such message headers are From:, To:, Message-ID:, Date:.

    Message headers deleted by the cleanup(8) daemon will be examined before they are deleted. Examples are: Bcc:, Content-Length:, Return-Path:.  

    CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS

    
    
    
    body_checks
    Lookup tables with content filter rules for message body lines. These filters see one physical line at a time, in chunks of at most $line_length_limit bytes.
    body_checks_size_limit
    The amount of content per message body segment (attachment) that is subjected to $body_checks filtering.
    header_checks
    mime_header_checks (default: $header_checks)
    nested_header_checks (default: $header_checks)
    Lookup tables with content filter rules for message header lines: respectively, these are applied to the initial message headers (not including MIME headers), to the MIME headers anywhere in the message, and to the initial headers of attached messages.

    Note: these filters see one logical message header at a time, even when a message header spans multiple lines. Message headers that are longer than $header_size_limit characters are truncated.

    disable_mime_input_processing
    While receiving mail, give no special treatment to MIME related message headers; all text after the initial message headers is considered to be part of the message body. This means that header_checks is applied to all the initial message headers, and that body_checks is applied to the remainder of the message.

    Note: when used in this manner, body_checks will process a multi-line message header one line at a time.

     

    EXAMPLES

    
    
    Header pattern to block attachments with bad file name extensions.
    

    /etc/postfix/main.cf:
    
        header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/header_checks /etc/postfix/header_checks:
        /^content-(type|disposition):.*name[[:space:]]*=.*\.(exe|vbs)/
            REJECT Bad attachment file name extension: $2
    Body pattern to stop a specific HTML browser vulnerability exploit.

    /etc/postfix/main.cf:
    
        body_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/body_checks /etc/postfix/body_checks:
        /^<iframe src=(3D)?cid:.* height=(3D)?0 width=(3D)?0>$/
            REJECT IFRAME vulnerability exploit
     

    SEE ALSO

    cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue Postfix message
    pcre_table(5), format of PCRE lookup tables
    regexp_table(5), format of POSIX regular expression tables
    postconf(1), Postfix configuration utility
    postmap(1), Postfix lookup table management
    postsuper(1), Postfix janitor
    postcat(1), show Postfix queue file contents
    RFC 2045, base64 and quoted-printable encoding rules
    RFC 2047, message header encoding for non-ASCII text
    
     

    README FILES

    
    
    Use "postconf readme_directory" or
    "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.
    
    
    DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview
    CONTENT_INSPECTION_README, Postfix content inspection overview
    BUILTIN_FILTER_README, Postfix built-in content inspection
    BACKSCATTER_README, blocking returned forged mail
    
     

    LICENSE

    
    
    The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
     
    

    AUTHOR(S)

    Wietse Venema
    IBM T.J. Watson Research
    P.O. Box 704
    Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
    
    

     

    Index

    NAME
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    TABLE FORMAT
    TABLE SEARCH ORDER
    TEXT SUBSTITUTION
    ACTIONS
    BUGS
    CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
    EXAMPLES
    SEE ALSO
    README FILES
    LICENSE
    AUTHOR(S)


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